Special Production Practices in Fruit Crops

Special Production Practices in Fruit Crops

Banana

1. Desuckering

• The surplus and unwanted plants are removed which is known as desuckering.

2. Leaf Removal

• Removal of old leaves to reduce the attack of leaf spot.

3. Mattocking

• After the harvest of bunches cutting the main stem after 30–45 days to mobilization of the nutrient from mother to the developing ratoon crop.

4. Propping

• Giving the support to main at the time of bunch emergence.

5. Denvelling

• Removal of male bud after completion of female phases is known as denvelling.

• This is check the movement of photosynthesis into the unwanted sink and promotes fruit development.

6. Bunch Trimming

• Removal of withered styles and perianths which persist at the distal end of the fruit.

• Generally in Dwarf Cavedish.

7. Bunch Covering

• Bunch are covered with polyethylene to improve quality and yield in sub-tropical area.

8. Rationing

Citrus

1. Stem Painting

• It is common practice in citrus to combat phytophthora gummosis through stem painting (Bordeaux paste is used).

2. Bud Wood Certification

• It is attempted to produce disease free planting material.

3. Cross Protection

• Plants raised under insect protected conditions at harvesting stage are pre-inoculated with mild strain of tristiza virus.

4. Root Pruning

• Removal of roots 40 cm away from the plant.

• E.g.: Mandarin.

Date Palm

1. Pollination

• It is dioecious in nature, need artificial pollination (hand pollination).

Olive

1. Fruit Thinning

• Use of 150 ppm NAA for 6–20 days after full bloom to improve the size of fruits.

Persimmon

1. Cincturing

• Removal of the strip of bark from around the trunk of the tree is known as cincturing.

• Purpose: Increasing precocity of bearing of young vigorous cultivars.

2. Pollination

• It bears female, male & hermaphrodite flowers.

• Gailey, Akagaki & Umiyawase are used as pollinizers.

Pomegranate

1. Training

• It is highly susceptible to stem borer and training the plant single stem is risky so 2–4 stem/plant is maintained.

Longan

1. Thinning

• In longan alternate bearing problem occurs after 10 years so overcome this problem thinning of panicals, flowers is a common practice.

Grape

1. Girdling

• Removal of a circular ring of bark from trunk/shoot/cane to improve berry set, size, quality and yield.

2. Thinning

• Leaving 30 clusters/vine, 100–125 flowers bud/panical rest are removed.

3. Ringing

• Removal of complete ring of bark from branch to increase fruit bud formation.

Mango

1. Ringing

2. Dehorning

• Removal of overcrowding & intermingling of branche to induce flowering (Vidharbha region of M.H.).

3. Smudging

• Practice of smoking the trees to induce the offseason crops. (Philipines).

4. Top Working & Top Grafting & Top Budding

Date Palm

1. Leaf Pruning

• Removal of old and senescence leaves.

Fig

1. Notching

• Partial ringing of branches below a dormant bud to increase fruiting branches. (Pune region of M.H.).

2. Nicking

• Partial ringing of a branches below a dormant bud to increase flowering shoots specially in Poona fig. (Pune region of MH).

Guava

1. Bending

• Bending of branches or shoots to increase lateral branches and fruit production. (Allahabad region of UP).