Role of Plant Growth Regulators in Fruit Production
· 2026-10-02 22:19:13 · 4 views · 0 downloads
Role of Plant Growth Regulators in Fruit Production1. NAA – Trade Name – Fruitono, Planofix
General uses – Root inducer, fruit set enhancer, post harvest fruit drop preventer.
In grape NAA is essential for establishment of explants.
In litchi it replacing the girdling for improved flowering.
NAA based commercial formulations like planofix, celmone are effective induction of flowering in pineapple.
| Concentration | Effect |
|---|---|
| 200 ppm | Reduced fruit drop in mango which applied at pea stage; Reduced the floral malformation in mango, applied Dec.-Nov. months |
| 100–500 ppm | Control pre-harvest fruit drop in mandarin |
| 20–50 ppm | Reduced post harvest berry drops in grape |
| 80–100 ppm | Increase the rainy season yield in guava |
| 800 ppm | Maximum yield in winter season in guava |
| 120 ppm | Increase the fruit set & yield in sapota |
| 10–20 ppm | Induce flower induction but less effective in pineapple |
| 2–10 ppm | Increase the fruit size after fruit set in pineapple |
| 10 ppm | Prevent the pre harvest fruit drop in apple |
| 25–75 ppm | Used fruit thinning in Santa Rosa variety of plum |
2. 2, 4-D – Trade Name – Plantgard
General uses – Fruit drop controller, root inducer, fruit set enhancer.
It is effective at low concentration.
At higher concentration used for weed controls.
| Concentration | Effect |
|---|---|
| 20 ppm | To control pre-harvest fruit drop in mango |
| 20 ppm | To control pre-harvest fruit drop in citrus especially mandarin |
| 20–25 ppm | Reduction in fruit drop in avocado |
| 20 ppm | Removal of seediness in banana |
3. Gibberellins (GA₃) – Trade Name – GA₃, Progibb, Gibrosoh, Gibrel
General uses – Germiantion enhancer, post harvest life enhancer in apple, to increase fruit size in apple & grape.
| Concentration | Effect |
|---|---|
| 10–40 ppm | Enlargement of panicle growth in grape |
| 10 ppm | Rachis elongation at 4–5 leaf stage in grape |
| 30–40 ppm | Berry elongation at bajra grain size berry stage and berry length in grape |
| 50 ppm | Berry thinning at 50% bloom stage in grape |
| Recurrent flowering in Alphonso mango | |
| Delay fruit senescence in citrus | |
| 1000–8000 ppm | Induced parthenocarpic fruit in guava |
GA3 has antagonistic effect on rooting of cutting.
Dipping bunches in 60 ppm GA3 for 10 seconds at fruit set stage has been recommended for Thompson Seedless.
Its treatment has benifitial effect for retarding degreening in fruits as banana, mango, pear, apricot and extending their self life.
It is used for seed germination and substitution of chilling requirement. E.g. citrus, cherry, grape, ber.
4. Ethylene – Trade Name – Ethephon, Ethrel, Cepha
General uses – Fruit ripening, colour enhancer, senescence delayer, sex changer, enhance of latex flow in rubber, abscission agent.
| Concentration | Effect |
|---|---|
| 100 ppm | Uniform flowering in pineapple |
| 500–1000 ppm | Enhance the early pruning to avoid the rainy season in date palm |
| 100–400 ppm | Flower and fruit thinning in date palm |
| 100–300 ppm | Fruit thinning before pit hardening stage in peach |
| 250 ppm | Improve berry colour in grapes |
Ethylene is a ripening harmone.
Spray of ethephon during fruit development in apple, grapes, strawberry & crane berry were promising for early maturity and uniform ripening.
In citrus used for post degreening.
5. Paclobutrazol (P333)To 10 g/tree is used to control of vegetative flush during Oct.–Nov. manipulating of flowering in mango.
It is effective in reducing the growth of pear, peach, lemon, apple, litchi, apricot, plum and mango.
It is effective in inducing of flowering in mango.
6. CCC – Trade Name – Cycocel, Cinoein
To 10 g/tree is used to control of vegetative flush during Oct.–Nov. manipulating of flowering in mango.
It is effective in reducing the growth of pear, peach, lemon, apple, litchi, apricot, plum and mango.
It is effective in inducing of flowering in mango.
General uses – Loadging reducer, pigment former, branch inducer, reduction in plant side, tillering & branching.
250–500 ppm – Suppression of vine growth and increase the fruitfulness of buds after back pruning in grape.
500 ppm – Induce early maturity in kagzi lime by about 20 days.
Grape & lemon responds to CCC treatments with increase flowering.
7. IBA – Trade Name – SARODEX, Rapid Root, Quick Root
General uses – Root inducer.
| Concentration | Effect |
|---|---|
| 100–500 ppm | For softwood cutting to rooting |
| 500–1500 ppm | Semi-hard wood cutting |
| 2000–5000 ppm | For hard wood cutting |
| 200 ppm | Sweet lime cutting |
| 5000 ppm | Used in litchi for air layering |
| 20–75 ppm | Grape cutting |
| 10000 ppm | Air layering in jack fruit |
8. Meleic Hydrazide (MH) – Trade Name – MH-30, Sprout Stop, Sucker Out
General uses – Suckers controller, axillary bud controller, growth retardant, sprout controller.
Point to be RememberedRound up is the trade name of Glyposate.
Alar, Kyalar are the trade name of Daminozidde which are germination inhibitors & growth retardant.
VIPUL, Paras are the trade name of Tricontanol which are growth stimulant.
SADH promoters flowering in apple, pear, peach, lemon & blue berry and reduced shoot groth.
4-CPA treatment as an alternative to caprification in fig for improving fruit set.
Round up is the trade name of Glyposate.
Alar, Kyalar are the trade name of Daminozidde which are germination inhibitors & growth retardant.
VIPUL, Paras are the trade name of Tricontanol which are growth stimulant.
SADH promoters flowering in apple, pear, peach, lemon & blue berry and reduced shoot groth.
4-CPA treatment as an alternative to caprification in fig for improving fruit set.